Répertoire d’ALW des études pour la protection des lacs
Action Lac Waterloo met à la disposition de tous, son répertoire des études pour la protection des lacs. Peut-être que votre lac a les mêmes problématiques que le nôtre? Le cas échéant, n’hésitez pas à jeter un oeil aux documents ci-dessous.
Le fichier en format Excel est également disponible au lien suivant: Liste des références – Action Lac Waterloo.xlsx
| Catégorie d’infos | Auteur(s) | Date de parution | FR/ EN |
Référence bibliographique | Lien | Informations clés |
| Stratégies efficaces de réduction du phosphore dans des lacs aux conditions silimaires au Lac Waterloo | State of Indiana | 2023 | EN | Indiana’s Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA) |
INDIANA’S GREAT LAKES WATER QUALITY AGREEMENT
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Mesures visant à atteindre les cibles de réduction du phosphore p.43-45 |
| Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement Nutrients Annex Subcommittee | juin-19 | EN | Lake Erie Binational Phosphorus Reduction Strategy |
Lake Erie Binational
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Mesures visant à atteindre les cibles de réduction du phosphore p.21-23 Méthode de suivi p.24-25 |
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| Environnement et Changement climatique Canada et le Ministère de l’Environnement et de l’Action en matière de changement climatique | fev-18 | EN | Plan d’action Canada-Ontario pour le lac Érié |
Plan d’action (publications.gc.ca) |
Mesures visant à atteindre les cibles de réduction du phosphore p.41-64 Méthode de suivi p.65-69 |
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| U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes National Program Office | fev-18 | EN | U.S. ACTION PLAN FOR LAKE ERIE |
U.S. Action Plan for Lake Erie (epa.gov) |
Mesures visant à atteindre les cibles de réduction du phosphore p.15-23 Méthode de suivi p.102-114 |
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| Myriam Bormans, Blahoslav Marsalek, Daniel Jancula | 2016 | EN | Controlling internal phosphorus loading in lakes by physical methods to reduce cyanobacterial blooms: a review |
Controlling internal phosphorus loading in lakes
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In particular, we concentrate on where and when (1) hypolimnetic aeration/oxygenation, (2) hypolimnetic withdrawal and (3) sediment dredging are likely to reduce cyanobacterial blooms and whether these methods have an adverse impact on other organisms. We conclude that each method has its strength and weakness depending on the system considered. Sufficient knowledge of all lake nutrient sources and their dynamics together with detailed lake and sediment characteristics is an essential prerequisite for choosing an appropriate control method. We also report that many experiences demonstrated that a combination of restoration methods is often more successful than a single method. | |
| Eugene B. Welch, G. Dennis Cooke | 2009 | EN | Internal Phosphorus Loading in Shallow Lakes: Importance and Control |
https://www.tand
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In stratified lakes, metalimnia may serve as barriers to phosphorus transport into the trophogenic zone. Although the whole water column in shallow lakes is usually aerobic, several mechanisms can combine to produce relatively high sediment phosphorus release rates in these lakes. These include: 1) wind resuspension and bioturbation, combined with high pH or low Fe/P ratio that maintains high P solubility, 2) periodic anoxia and reducing conditions promoted by calm, warm weather, and 3) macro-phyte senescence. Attempts to reduce algal biomass by controlling internal phosphorus loading have often been effective. | |
| E. Jeppesen, M. Meerhoff, B. A. Jacobsen, R. S. Hansen, M. Søndergaard, J. P. Jensen, T. L. Lauridsen, N. Mazzeo, C. W. C. Branco | 2007 | EN | Restoration of shallow lakes by nutrient control and biomanipulation—the successful strategy varies with lake size and climate |
Restoration of shallow lakes by nutrient
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Major efforts have been made world-wide to improve the ecological quality of shallow lakes by reducing external nutrient loading. These have often resulted in lower in-lake total phosphorus (TP) and decreased chlorophyll a levels in surface water, reduced phytoplankton biomass and higher Secchi depth. Internal loading delays recovery, but in north temperate lakes a new equilibrium with respect to TP often is reached after <10–15 years. In comparison, the response time to reduced nitrogen (N) loading is typically <5 years. Also increased top-down control may be important. Fish biomass often declines, and the percentage of piscivores, the zooplankton:phytoplankton biomass ratio, the contribution of Daphnia to zooplankton biomass and the cladoceran size all tend to increase. Some lakes, however, have proven resistant to loading reductions. To accelerate recovery several physico-chemical and biological restoration methods have been developed for north temperate lakes and used with varying degrees of success. Biological measures, such as selective removal of planktivorous fish, stocking of piscivorous fish and implantation or protection of submerged plants, often are cheap versus traditional physico-chemical methods and are therefore attractive. However, their long-term effectiveness is uncertain. It is argued that additional measures beyond loading reduction are less cost-efficient and often not needed in very large lakes.Although fewer data are available on tropical lakes these seem to respond to external loading reductions, an example being Lake Paranoá, Brazil (38 km2). However, differences in biological interactions between cold temperate versus warm temperate-subtropical-tropical lakes make transfer of existing biological restoration methods to warm lakes difficult. Warm lakes often have prolonged growth seasons with a higher risk of long-lasting algal blooms and dense floating plant communities, smaller fish, higher aggregation of fish in vegetation (leading to loss of zooplankton refuge), more annual fish cohorts, more omnivorous feeding by fish and less specialist piscivory. The trophic structures of warm lakes vary markedly, depending on precipitation, continental or coastal regions locations, lake age and temperature. |
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| Thomas Deppe, Jürgen Benndorf | 2002 | EN | Phosphorus reduction in a shallow hypereutrophic reservoir by in-lake dosage of ferrous iron |
Phosphorus reduction in a shallow
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Compared to the preceding year 1995, during the treatment periods in May–August 1996 and 1997 the SRP contents in the whole water body dropped by 72% and 54%, respectively, while the total phosphorus contents dropped by 45% at each period. We conclude that in-lake dosage of Fe2+ is an appropriate method to reduce the P loading of hypereutrophic reservoirs. | |
| Stratégies efficaces de réduction de l’eutrophisation | MarwaYoussef, Sara S. El‑Tanany, Yassmin Moatasim, Shimaa M.Abdel Moniem, BahaaA. Hemdan, Nabila S.Ammar, Gamila E. El‑Taweel, Azza M.Ashmawy, Mohamed I. Badawy, Mohamed R. Lasheen, Hanan S. Ibrahim & Mohamed Eid M.Ali |
2024 | EN | Assessment of toxicity and antimicrobial performance of polymeric inorganic coagulant and evaluation for eutrophication reduction |
Assessment of toxicity and antimicrobial
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As controlling of phosphorous that discharged from treated municipal wastewater is a key factor in preventing eutrophication of surface water55–57. Terefore, the phosphorous removal rate is studied from treated municipal wastewater using POFC for decline eutrophication potential (Freshwater toxicity). POFC-based treatment gives excellent removal percentages for phosphate, and phosphorus at doses below 60 ppm with a low produced sludge volume that leads to 84% decrease in the rate of eutrophication and freshwater toxicity. At a POFC concentration of 60 ppm, remarkable reduction rates for total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and E. coli were achieved. After POFC-based coagulation, the produced sludge retains a lower bacterial density due to the antibacterial activity of POFC. Furthermore, it revealed that the observed removal efciencies for fungi and yeasts in the produced sludge reached 85% at a POFC dose of 60 ppm. |
| Boqiang Qin, Yunlin Zhang, Guangwei Zhu, Guang Gao | 2023 | EN | Eutrophication control of large shallow lakes in China |
Eutrophication control of
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The main gains of these studies included: (1) shallow lakes in the floodplain of the Yangtze River are prone to eutrophication because of their high trophic conditions; (2) wind-induced waves determine sediment resuspension, downward dissolved oxygen penetration, and upward soluble reactive nutrient mobilization, while wind-driven currents regulate the spatial distribution of water quality metrics and algal blooms; (3) the low P loss of shallow lakes via sedimentation and high N loss via denitrification lead to a low N:P ratio and N and P colimitation, which demonstrated the significance of dual N and P reduction for eutrophication control in shallow lakes; (4) extensive submerged macrophyte could suppress internal loading in large, shallow waters, but nutrient loading must be reduced and water clarity must be increased; and (5) climate warming promotes cyanobacterial blooms through positive feedback to exacerbate eutrophication in shallow lakes. The lack of action to address the challenges of non-point source pollution and internal loading from the sediment has led to limited effectiveness of eutrophication control in large shallow lakes under climate warming. In the future, the management of large shallow eutrophic lakes in China must combine social sciences (economic development) with natural technology (pollution reduction) to achieve sustainability. | |
| You Zhang, Ruijie Shen, Xiaohong Gu, Kuanyi Li a, Huihui Chen, Hu He, Zhigang Mao, Richard K. Johnson | 2023 | EN | Simultaneous increases of filter-feeding fish and bivalves are key for controlling cyanobacterial blooms in a shallow eutrophic lake |
https://uqam-bib.
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The mesocosm study, comprised of a two-way factorial design with the clam Corbicula fluminea and the fish Aristichthys nobilis at three biomass levels, resulted in lower chlorophyll a (Chl a) in high fish treatments, but no significant differences in the low and medium fish treatments. Chl a also decreased with an increase in clam biomass in the high fish treatments. Moreover, filter-feeding fish resulted in a decrease in algal sizes (e.g., the colony size of Microcystis aeruginosa was inversely related to fish biomass) which likely increased the filter-feeding efficiency of bivalves. Collectively, these long-term monitoring and experimental data support the combined use filter-feeding fish and bivalves for managing cyanobacteria blooms in Lake Taihu. | |
| Hailu Sheferaw Ayele & Minaleshewa Atlabachew | 2021 | EN | Review of characterization, factors, impacts, and solutions of Lake eutrophication: lesson for lake Tana, Ethiopia |
Review of characterization,
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Among others, controlling external loading of nutrient, ecological, and mechanical methods were found to be common mechanisms to prevent and recover lake eutrophication. Avoiding the factors that are under human control, i.e., a reduction of external loading of nutrients especially targeted on phosphorus reduction into the water basins, relocates sewage, industrial and domestic waste discharges to be lined out of the catchment of the lake. Furthermore, motivating the community to use less phosphorus-containing fertilizers and promoting phosphorus-free detergents are suggested solutions to sustainably prevent and reduce eutrophication in the long run. | |
| Jonathan M. Abell, Deniz Özkundakci, David P. Hamilton & Paula Reeves | 2020 | EN | Restoring shallow lakes impaired by eutrophication: Approaches, outcomes, and challenges |
Restoring shallow lakes impaired
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A set of shallow lake restoration case studies from across the globe, involving moderate to high effort monitoring, was evaluated to determine common features and to identify advantages/disadvantages and drivers of successful restoration projects. Approaches are broadly grouped into four categories: 1) external nutrient load reductions, 2) internal nutrient load reductions, 3) biomanipulation, and 4) hydrological manipulations. Case studies highlight that external load reduction is an essential component of successful restoration, although supplementary measures can support restoration goals. To inform planning and help set realistic expectations, the following key challenges to the restoration of shallow lakes were identified: 1) insufficient reductions in external nutrient loads, 2) biogeochemical lags, 3) resistance of a stable, algal-dominated state due to hysteresis in the turbidity–nutrient load relationship, 4) delayed macrophyte reestablishment, 5) climate change, 6) need for lake-specific approaches, and 7) social and political shortcomings. Managing these challenges is crucial to the success of shallow lake restoration projects. | |
| Zhigang Mao, Xiaohong Gu, Yong Cao, Min Zhang, Qingfei Zeng, Huihui Chen, Ruijie Shen, and Erik Jeppesen | 2020 | EN | The Role of Top-Down and BottomUp Control for Phytoplankton in a Subtropical Shallow Eutrophic Lake: Evidence Based on Long-Term Monitoring and Modeling |
https://link-springer-
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Restoration of degraded lakes demands insight into the relative role of top-down for bottom-up regulating forces. Our results indicate that the biomass and density of phytoplankton increased with increasing biomass of benthivorous and zooplanktivorous fish and decreased with increases in ammonium concentrations, the nitrogen to phosphorus ratio, and zooplankton biomass, while the response to climate fluctuations and changes in the biomass of piscivores was weak. Effects of higher trophic levels explained as much of the variance in phytoplankton biomass as did nutrients and climatic factors. Moreover, the remarkably reduced ratio of zooplankton to phytoplankton biomass and the decline in cladoceran individual biomass emphasized the increasing importance of top-down control in regulating the phytoplankton following extensive stocking. Our findings offer insight into how fish management may be combined with catchment-level restoration measures to conserve and enhance water quality. |
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| Biswajit Bhagowati, Kamal Uddin Ahamad | 2019 | EN | A review on lake eutrophication dynamics and recent developments in lake modeling |
A review on lake eutrophication
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Mechanism and effects of eutrophication described within various case studies all over the world, and the evolution of modelling approaches for their mitigation has been reviewed in this paper. With the advancement of ecosystem modeling, it has become feasible for the governmental bodies and policy makers to propose better lake control schemes and restoration programs, through their better predictive capacity. While prediction and control of eutrophication of lakes now has become easier than before, refinements are still going on owing to the ever-increased complexity and lake specific problems that require wider experience and more details. | |
| Xiaocui Li, Lei Huang, Hongwei Fang, Guojian He, Danny Reible , Changhui Wang | 2019 | EN | Immobilization of phosphorus in sediments by nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) from the view of mineral composition |
Immobilization of phosphorusin sediments by nano zero-valentiron (nZVI) from the view ofmineral composition (sciencedirectassets.com) |
Both the mineral composition and particle size affect the P adsorption. P desorption ratios for kaolin, illite, and quartz are greater than 60%. The maximum P immobilization efficiency by nZVI is up to 60% – 80%. P immobilization efficiency is the highest for hematite, while smallest for potassium feldspar and calcite. P immobilization in sediments can be predicted from the mineral composition. |
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| Hans W. Paerl . Karl E. Havens . Hai Xu . Guangwei Zhu . Mark J. McCarthy . Silvia E. Newell . J. Thad Scott . Nathan S. Hall . Timothy G. Otten . Boqiang Qin | 2019 | EN | Mitigating eutrophication and toxic cyanobacterial blooms in large lakes: The evolution of a dual nutrient (N and P) reduction paradigm |
https://link.springer.com
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Phytoplankton in eutrophic lakes have become more responsive to N inputs relative to P, despite sustained increases in N loading. From a nutrient management perspective, this suggests a need to change the freshwater nutrient limitation and input reduction paradigms; a shift from an exclusive focus on P limitation to a dual N and P co-limitation and management strategy. | |
| Jean-Philippe Terreaux et Jean-Marie Lescot | 2019 | FR | Instruments économiques pour lutter contre l’eutrophisation : une analyse de la littérature |
Microsoft Word – Economie
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Cinq grands facteurs du problème sont souvent sous-estimés : 1/ La dimension temporelle, avec en particulier des irréversibilités qui peuvent naître du franchissement de certaines limites (par exemple un niveau de concentration d’un polluant) ; ce phénomène peut être pris en compte dans des représentations adaptées des systèmes. 2/ Les pollutions ont souvent plusieurs causes, et le choix de lutter contre l’une d’entre elles, ou plusieurs simultanément, ou encore alternativement, est loin d’être neutre sur les résultats économiques. Cela est vrai à la fois pour le choix d’agir contre l’azote et/ou le phosphore en agriculture, ou d’agir préférentiellement ou simultanément sur le secteur domestique ou agricole, ou encore d’arbitrer ou pas entre pollutions diffuses et pollutions ponctuelles. 3/ Les pollutions sont souvent multiples (eutrophisation, effet de serre etc.) et des gains d’efficacité peuvent être engrangés en en tenant compte. A l’inverse, tenir compte des multiples bénéfices dégagés par la réduction de la pollution permet d’envisager des solutions qui autrement seraient peu rentables. 4/ Le caractère aléatoire des émissions modifie leurs effets en termes d’eutrophisation, et cela peut notamment conduire à mettre en place simultanément différents instruments. En outre dans ce cas il peut être recherché préférentiellement une certaine robustesse des solutions, plutôt qu’une optimalité en un sens ou un autre. Il restera toujours des incertitudes, notamment celles liées à une connaissance imparfaite des phénomènes biophysiques, et il est inutile d’attendre de tout savoir pour agir. Une gestion adaptative (par réactualisation des objectifs, des outils, des paramètres, en tentant des expériences) peut être une solution dans ce cadre. 5/ Le caractère hétérogène des sources de pollution, des agents concernés etc. ne peut être négligé. | |
| Zhengwen Liu, Jinrun Hu, Ping Zhong, Xiufeng Zhang, Jiajia Ning, Søren E. Larsen, Deyuan Chen, Yiming Gao, Hu He, Erik Jeppesen | 2018 | EN | Successful restoration of a tropical shallow eutrophic lake: Strong bottom-up but weak top-down effects recorded |
Successful restoration ofa tropical shallow eutrophiclake: Strong bottom-up butweak top-down effectsrecorded (sciencedirectassets.com) |
Fish manipulation has been used to restore lakes in the temperate zone. Often strong short-term cascading effects have been obtained, but the long term-perspectives are less clear. However, removal of benthic feeding fish also reduce disturbance of the sediment, which not only affects the nutrient level but also the concentration of suspended organic and inorganic matter with enhanced water clarity and potentially better growth conditions for submerged macrophytes. Removal of a substantial amount of plankti-benthivorous fish was followed by planting of submerged macrophytes and stocking of piscivorous fish. We found strong and relatively long-lasting effects of the restoration initiative in the form of substantial improvements in water clarity and major reductions in nutrient concentrations, particularly total phosphorus, phytoplankton and turbidity, while only minor effects were detected for crustacean zooplankton grazers occurring in low densities before as well as after the restoration. We found convincing evidence that fish removal and piscivores stocking combined with transplantation of submerged macrophytes may have significant effects on water clarity in warm shallow lakes even if the zooplankton grazing potential remains low, the latter most likely as a result of high predation on the zooplankton. |
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| David W. Schindler, Stephen R. Carpenter, Steven C. Chapra, Robert E. Hecky and Diane M. Orihel | 2016 | EN | Reducing Phosphorus to Curb Lake Eutrophication is a Success |
Reducing Phosphorus to
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Here we review the evidence, finding that numerous long-term studies of lake ecosystems in Europe and North America show that controlling algal blooms and other symptoms of eutrophication depends on reducing inputs of a single nutrient: phosphorus. | |
| Association pour la protection de l’environnement du lac Saint-Charles et des Marais du Nord (APEL) | mars-15 | FR | MÉMOIRE SUR LA MISE EN ŒUVRE DE MESURES CURATIVES POUR LA LUTTE À L’EUTROPHISATION DU LAC SAINT-CHARLES |
Microsoft Word – Mémoire –
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Synthèse des différentes techniques de traitement existantes et des contre-indications à leur utilisation | |
| David W. Schindler | 2012 | EN | The dilemma of controlling cultural eutrophication of lakes |
The dilemma of controlling
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I conclude that long-term, whole-ecosystem experiments and case histories of lake recovery provide the only reliable evidence for policies to reduce eutrophication. The only method that has had proven success in reducing the eutrophication of lakes is reducing input of phosphorus. | |
| ALEXANDRE BOURGET (Thèse, littérature grise) |
2011 | FR | Coagulation à l’alun et recouvrement actif de calcaire pour contrer l’eutrophisation du lac Saint-Augustin (Québec) essais In situ en enclos |
Item – Theses Canada |
Le lac Saint-Augustin (Québec) étant en état d’eutrophisation avancée, plusieurs options de traitement ont été évaluées à l’été 2009 lors d’un projet pilote de traitements in situ en enclos : (i) coagulation/floculation à l’alun, (ii) recouvrement actif des sédiments par une couche de calcaire, (iii) combinaison de ces deux traitements alun+calcaire, et (iv) enclos témoin. Les enclos Témoin et Alun ont atteint de hautes concentrations en phosphore soluble (0,58 à 1,05 mg/l). L’enclos Alun+Calcaire a montré une forte réduction en phosphore soluble par rapport au Témoin (83 à 90%), suivi par l’enclos Calcaire (65 à 76%). Les indices trophiques de Carlson montrent que l’enclos Alun+Calcaire a offert la meilleure performance avec des indices (49 à 81) près du lac (42 à 73). | |
| Xiangcan Jin, Shaoyong Lu, Xiaozhen Hu, Xia Jiang & Fengchang Wu | 2008 | EN | Control concept and countermeasures for shallow lakes’ eutrophication in China |
https://link.springer.com/
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Investigations show that the main reasons for lake eutrophication include a fragile lake background environment, excessive nutrient loading into lakes, excessive human activities, ecological degeneration, weak environmental protection awareness, and lax lake management. Major mechanisms resulting from lake eutrophication include nutrient recycling imbalance, major changes in water chemistry (pH, oxygen, and carbon), lake ecosystem imbalance, and algal prevalence in lakes. Some concepts for controlling eutrophication should be persistently proposed, including lake catchment control, combination of pollutant source control with ecological restoration, protection of three important aspects (terrestrial ecology, lake coast zone, and submerged plant), and combination of lake management with regulation. Measures to control lake eutrophication should include pollution source control (i.e., optimize industrial structural adjustments in the lake catchment, reduce nitrogen and phosphorus emission amounts, and control endogenous pollution) and lake ecological restoration (i.e. establish a zone-lake buffer region and lakeside zone, protect regional vegetation, utilize hydrophytes in renovation technology); countermeasures for lake management should include implementing water quality management, identifying environmental and lake water goals, legislating and formulating laws and regulations to protect lakes, strengthening publicity and the education of people, increasing public awareness through participation in systems and mechanic innovations, establishing lake region management institutions, and ensuring implementation of governance and management measures. | |
| Sébastien Devidal, Étudiant en Master environnement de l’université de Rouen (France), Sous la supervision de Marie Florence Pouet et Olivier Thomas Avec l’assistance de Camille Rivard-Sirois |
2007 | FR | SOLUTIONS CURATIVES POUR LA RESTAURATION DE LACS PRÉSENTANT DES SIGNES D’EUTROPHISATION |
https://belsp.uqtr.ca/
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Détail des solutions pour limiter / réduire l’eutrophisation à partir de la page 11. | |
| QIN Boqiang, YANG Liuyan, CHEN Feizhou, ZHU Guangwei, ZHANG Lu & CHEN Yiyu | 2006 | EN | Mechanism and control of lake eutrophication |
Mechanism and
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It was found that shallow lakes are apt toward eutrophication than deep lakes. In shallow lakes, sediments are frequently disturbed by wind-wave and resuspended, which result in huge nutrients release to overlying water. This may be the major reason for higher internal loading of nutrients in shallow lakes than in deep lakes. Algal bloom is an extreme response of lake ecosystem to the eutrophication. Appearance of algal blooms is related to physical condition of lakes, such as underwater radiation (or transparency), temperature, and hydrodynamic conditions, or related to geochemical conditions of lakes, like concentrations of nutrients and ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus, as well as the physiological advantage of cyanobacteria such as vacuole for moving towards the radiant energy-rich zone and the mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) for resisting the harm of ultraviolet radiation. Also being the shallowness, it is more difficult to reduce nutrient loading and to control algae blooms in shallow lakes. For the control of eutrophication, people should follow the sequence from pollution sources control, ecological restoration to catchment management. To control the internal nutrient release, physical, chemical, biological techniques, and even bionic techniques could be selected. |
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| F. Rapin, P. Blanc and C. Corvi | 1989 | FR | Influence des apports sur le stock de phosphore dans le lac Léman et sur son eutrophisation |
Record. Influence des apports
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Par contre, les apports en phosphore dissous, qui sont plus liés à l’activité humaine, ont présenté une forte croissance au début des années 1960 et se sont maintenus à un niveau élevé jusqu’en 1975. Depuis cette époque ils sont en forte décroissance (- 56 % depuis 1975). Cette décroissance est liée à la mise en service des stations d’épuration pratiquant la déphosphatation et à la mesure d’interdiction des phosphates dans les produits de lavage textiles en Suisse (01.07.1986), qui a conduit à réduire de 40 à 45 % les quantités de phosphore rejetées dans les eaux superficielles par les réseaux d’assainissement. Malgré la nette baisse des concentrations en phosphore dans le lac, il n’a pas encore été relevé de diminution de la production algale. Ceci est en accord avec les études effectuées sur d’autres lacs qui ont montré qu’il est nécessaire d’abaisser ces concentrations en-dessous de 20 à 30 µg/l pour limiter la croissance du plancton. |
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| Méthode de mesure et d’évaluation des apports en P | Changhong Li, Peng Fan | 2023 | EN | Research on real-time monitoring of total phosphorus in water based on microfluidic optical technology |
https://typeset.io/papers/
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Puce microfluidique avec technologie optofluidique pour une surveillance en temps réel Procédé de digestion accélérée du phosphore avec détection par spectrophotométrie de molybdate d’ammonium. |
| Na Li, Yunlin Zhang, Kun Shi, Yibo Zhang, Xiao Juan Sun, Weijia Wang, Haiming Qian, Hua-ben Yang, Yongkang Niu | 2023 | EN | Real-Time and Continuous Tracking of Total Phosphorus Using a Ground-Based Hyperspectral Proximal Sensing System |
https://typeset.io/papers/
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Système de détection proximale hyperspectrale au sol (GHPS) de haute précision. Observation continue en temps réel avec un modèle d’apprentissage automatique pour la surveillance du TP. conclusions : Le GHPS offre une surveillance TP haute fréquence en temps réel avec une précision idéale. Le GHPS complète les équipements traditionnels, adaptés aux conditions météorologiques complexes. |
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| Rachel Bracker, Michal Kucera, Alikhasanova Z. F. | 2023 | EN | Rapid Phosphate Monitoring in Irish Freshwater Systems Using a Novel Microfluidic Colorimetric System |
https://typeset.io/papers/
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Surveillance à haute fréquence Système colorimétrique microfluidique avec méthode au bleu de molybdène |
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| Giulia Valerio, Marco Pilotti, Alessandro Scibona, Daniele Nizzoli | 2022 | EN | Monitoring phosphorus in the tributaries of a deep lake from the perspective of the receiving water body |
https://typeset.io/
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Données de séries chronologiques à haute résolution et algorithmes d’apprentissage automatique utilisés. Méthodologie proposée : échantillonnage manuel mensuel avec échantillonneur automatique en cas de débit élevé. |
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| Xu, B., Liu, K., & Luo, Y | 2022 | EN | Research on phosphorus measurement method in water based on computer recognition technology |
https://typeset.io/papers/
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Technologie de reconnaissance d’images par ordinateur pour une analyse précise de la concentration de phosphore Méthode au bleu de phosphomolybdène pour la mesure du phosphore total dans les échantillons d’eau |
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| Brian Rippey, Julie Campbell, Yvonne McElarney, James Thompson, Mary Gallagher | 2021 | EN | Timescale of reduction of long-term phosphorus release from sediment in lakes |
Timescale of reduction of
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It is important for lake management and policy to estimate the timescale of recovery from long-term P release from sediment after a reduction in the external load. To provide a scientific basis for this, a condensed model was elaborated, applied and evaluated in four lakes. It is desirable to estimate the timescale directly in all lakes if sediment P release is important, but, generally, it should take between one and three decades. |
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| Mary E. Ogdahl, Alan D. Steinman, Maggie E. Weinert | 2014 | EN | Laboratory-determined Phosphorus Flux from Lake Sediments as a Measure of Internal Phosphorus Loading |
Laboratory-determined
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Laboratory determination of phosphorus release rates from sediment cores is a valuable approach for determining the role of internal phosphorus loading and guiding management decisions. | |
| Beat Müller et Martin Schmid | 2009 | FR | Bilans du phosphore et de l’oxygène dans le lac de Morat |
Eawag_Rapport_F_
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le présent rapport a pour but d’étudier les raisons pour lesquelles la réduction des apports de phosphore semble ne pas avoir d’effets positifs sur les concentrations d’oxygène dans les eaux profondes du lac de Morat. Cela étant, les conditions d’O2 devraient commencer à s’améliorer à partir du moment où l’apport de P biodisponible tombe en dessous de la charge indicative d’environ 11 t/a durant plusieurs années. Les charges de P enregistrées au cours des deux dernières décennies affichent une tendance à la baisse évidente et la charge critique estimée est pratiquement atteinte. La « mémoire » des sédiments du lac qui, rappelons-le, contribue pour environ un tiers à la consommation actuelle d’O2, va toutefois quelque peu retarder les effets de la réduction des apports, même si le lac réagit presque immédiatement aux changements intervenant dans le bilan duphosphore. |
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| J. M. Dorioz, P. Quetin, J. A. Lazzarotto, J. P. Bosse et J. P. Moille | 2004 | FR | Bilan du phosphore dans un bassin versant du lac Léman : Conséquences pour la détermination de l’origine des flux exportés |
Bilan du phosphore dans un
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Nous montrons qu’en établissant, pour les périodes de tarissement, la relation concentration moyenne en phosphore – débit moyen à l’exutoire, il est possible d’évaluer globalement: 1) la rétention du P dans le réseau hydrographique lors de ces périodes; 2) la contribution moyenne des sources ponctuelles de P aux exportations du bassin. | |
| Martin T. Auer, Ned A. Johnson, Michael R. Penn’ & Steven W. Effler | 1993 | EN | Measurement and verification of rates of sediment phosphorus release for a hypereutrophic urban lake |
Measurement and verification
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Rates of sediment phosphorus release measured in the laboratory compared favorably with the observed rate of soluble reactive phosphorus accumulation in the lake’s hypolimnion. The sediments are the second largest source of phosphorus for Onondaga Lake, contributing 24% of the overall phosphorus load to the system. | |
| John R. Jones and Roger W. Bachmann | 1976 | EN | Prediction of Phosphorus and Chlorophyll Levels in Lakes |
Prediction of Phosphorus
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A study was conducted to develop a direct method of predicting summer levels of total phosphorus and chlorophyll a in a broad range of lakes. | |
| Suivi sur le long-terme du P dans les lacs aux conditions similaires | F. Pezet, J.M. Dorioz, D. Trevisan, M. Lafforgue, R. Jalinoux, C. Girel, Ph. Quétin | 2021 | FR | Le système de transfert du phosphore à l’échelle du bassin versant : conséquences pour des stratégies de suivi et de modélisations d’un territoire en mutation par péri-urbanisation |
Le système de transfert du phosphore à l’échelle du bassin versant: conséquences pour des stratégies de suivi et de modélisations d’un territoire en mutation par péri-urbanisation (hal.science)
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La mise au point de stratégies de maitrise de l’eutrophisation des plans d’eau nécessite de réduire la charge des apports externes en phosphore. Cela suppose de comprendre le fonctionnement de leurs bassins versants en tant que « systèmes de transfert du phosphore » déterminant qualitativement et quantitativement les flux à l’exutoire. La modélisation de ce système de transfert à l’échelle du bassin permet de disposer d’un outil pour tester les évolutions de bassin (périurbanisation, pratiques agricoles, climat…). La modélisation porte sur deux sous-bassins versants (un agricole et un périurbanisé). L’accent est mis sur la pollution diffuse agricole et le rôle des surfaces urbanisées comme facteurs de réorganisation des conditions d’écoulement et producteur de flux de phosphore. Le fonctionnement des bassins est modélisé à l’aide du logiciel SWAT, une série d’observations et d’indicateurs est enregistré pour rendre compte de l’évolution saisonnière, des risques de ruissellement et des connections hydrauliques au niveau de chaque bassin. |
| Liandong Jing Song Bai Yihua Li Yue Peng Chenxi Wu Jiantong Liu Guoxiang Liu Zhicai Xie Gongliang Yu |
2019 | EN | Dredging project caused short-term positive effects on lake ecosystem health: A five-year follow-up study at the integrated lake ecosystem level. |
Dredging project caused short-term positive effects on lake ecosystem health: A five-year follow-up study at the integrated lake ecosystem level (sciencedirectassets.com) |
Sediment dredging is a controversial technology for lake eutrophication control. A lengthy and holistic assessment is important to understand the effects of a dredging project on a lake ecosystem. In this study, a dredging project was followed for 5 years. The monitoring results showed that the dredging project caused many short-term positive effects such as decreased total nitrogen, total phosphorus, permanganate index and phytoplankton biomass throughout the entire lake water, increased Secchi disk depth in the whole lake and increased benthonic animal biomass in the nondredged regions. However, these positive effects disappeared overtime. Water chemistry and biomass returned to the initial state before dredging. EHI showed that the dredging project caused negative effects on the lake health in the dredged region at first. Subsequently, the health status of the entire lake, including the dredged and nondredged regions, improved until 1–2 years after the project finished. Because of the lack of other timely ecological restoration measures, the lake gradually returned to its initial health status. However, the health status in the dredged regions was only slightly better than before dredging and often worse than that of the nondredged regions. Our study suggested that dredging projects may only cause short-term positive effects on lake ecosystem health. |
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| Richard Carignan | 2009 | FR | Suivi de la qualité des eaux au lac Heney (mars 2007 à mars 2009) avant et après son traitement au chlorure de fer et impacts du traitement sur la composition du phytoplancton et des faunes zooplanctoniques et benthiques |
Microsoft Word –
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Le traitement au fer a causé une diminution marquée du phosphore total (PT), dont la concentration moyenne pondérée pour le lac entier est passée d´environ 22 µg/L avant le traitement à environ 11 µg/L après le traitement. La concentration en phosphore total dissous (PTD) fut beaucoup plus faible dans l´hypolimnion en 2008 (maximum : 18 µg/L) qu´en 2007 (maximum : 85 µg/L). Malgré une diminution d´environ 50% en PT et en chlorophylle planctonique, la demande hypolimnétique en oxygène ne fut réduite que de 28 % en 2008 par rapport à 2007. Une telle réponse est normale puisque dans les lacs de profondeur intermédiaire tel le lac Heney, une proportion importante de la demande en oxygène provient de la matière organique accumulée au fil des ans dans les sédiments. Il faudra attendre encore quelques années avant d´observer une amélioration de la qualité du milieu pour les poissons d´eau froide. La chlorophylle‐a (indicatrice de biomasse phytoplanctonique) a connu une chute importante en 2008, de l´ordre de 50 % par rapport aux valeurs observées en 2007. Cette diminution s´est accompagnée d´une amélioration de la transparence de l´eau et d´une diminution du coefficient d´atténuation de la lumière. |
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| GEOFF PHILLIPS, ANDREA KELLY, JO-ANNE PITT, RORY SANDERSON, ELIOT TAYLOR | 2005 | EN | The recovery of a very shallow eutrophic lake, 20 years after the control of effluent derived phosphorus |
Freshwater Biology is a freshwater ecology journal publishing innovative papers on the aquatic biology of freshwater environments. (wiley.com) |
Monitoring at fortnightly to monthly intervals of a very shallow, lowland lake over 24 years has enabled the time course of recovery from nutrient enrichment to be investigated after high external P loading of the lake (>10g P m−2 year−1) was reduced between 1977 and 1980. However, during the later summer the response was delayed for 15 years because of sustained remobilisation of phosphorus from the sediment. The greater water clarity in spring and a gradual shift from planktonic to benthic algal growth may be related to the reduction in internal loading after 15 years. Changes in the phytoplankton community composition were also observed. Centric diatoms became less dominant in the spring, and the summer cyanobacteria populations originally dominated by non-heterocystous species (Limnothrix/Planktothrix spp.) almost disappeared. Heterocystous species (Anabaena spp. and Aphanizomenon flos-aquae) were slower to decline, but after 20 years the phytoplankton community was no longer dominated by cyanobacteria. |
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| Autres | services Mddelcc | 2024 | FR | Atlas de l’eau |
Atlas de l’eau (arcgis.com) |
Cartographie des bassins versants du Québec et base de données |
| Lijuan Kang, Guangwei Zhu, Mengyuan Zhu, Hai Xu, Wei Zou, Man Xiao, Yunlin Zhang, Boqiang Qin | 2023 | EN | Bloom-induced internal release controlling phosphorus dynamics in large shallow eutrophic Lake Taihu, China |
https://uqam-bib.on.
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Our study demonstrated that both bloom-induced internal loading and storminduced external loading are likely to run counter significantly to watershed nutrient reduction efforts in large shallow lakes. More importantly, bloom-induced internal loading is higher than storm-induced external loading over the short term. Given the positive feedback loop between internal P loadings and algal bloom in eutrophic lakes, which explains the significant fluctuation of P concentration while nitrogen concentration decreased. It is emphasized that internal loading and ecosystem restoration are unignorable in shallow lakes, particularly in the algal-dominated region. | |
| Action Lac Waterloo | 2023 | FR | Réseau de surveillance volontaire des lacs Lac Waterloo – Bilan des activités de suivi 2023 |
https://www.environnement
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| Jian Zhou, Peter R. Leavitt, Yibo Zhang, Boqiang Qin | 2022 | EN | Anthropogenic eutrophication of shallow lakes: Is it occasional? |
Anthropogenic eutrophication of shallow lakes: Is it occasional? – ScienceDirect |
Lake depth appeared to not only reflect external nutrient load to the lake, but also acted as an amplifier that increased shallow lake susceptibility to anthropogenic disturbance. Our findings suggest that shallow lakes are more susceptible to human forcing and their eutrophication may be not an occasional occurrence, and that societal expectations, policy goals, and management plans should reflect this observation. | |
| Gouvernement du Canada | 2020 | FR | Concentrations de phosphore dans les eaux au large des côtes des Grands Lacs |
https://www.canada.ca/fr/
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| Robyn S. Wilson, Margaret A. Beetstra, Jeffrey M. Reutter, Gail Hesse, Kristen M. DeVanna Fussell, Laura T. Johnson, Kevin W. King, Gregory A. LaBarge, Jay F. Martin, Christopher Winslow | 2019 | EN | Commentary: Achieving phosphorus reduction targets for Lake Erie |
Commentary: Achieving phosphorus reduction targets for Lake Erie – ScienceDirect |
While much of the phosphorus loading into the lake prior to 1972 was caused by point-source pollution, approximately 88% to 93% of current loading comes from nonpoint sources, of which agriculture is the dominant land use. A reduction target of 860 metric tons, or 40% of the total phosphorus spring loading in 2008, has been set with the expectation that such a reduction could limit the size and associated impact of HABs in 9 out of every 10 years. We review the effectiveness of recommended practices aimed at reducing phosphorus loss in agriculture and pair this knowledge with behavioral data on likely adoption to identify how best to achieve the reduction target. The data suggests that the target is feasible as a majority of the farming population is willing to consider many of the recommended practices. | |
| Shenghua Zhang & Weilu Wang & Kaixiang Zhang & Peiyao Xu & Yin Lu | 2018 | EN | Phosphorus release from cyanobacterial blooms during their decline period in eutrophic Dianchi Lake, China |
Phosphorus release from cyanobacterial blooms during their decline period in eutrophic Dianchi Lake, China (uqam.ca)
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The phosphorus (P) release from bloom-cyanobacterium during its decline period is one of the most important parts involved in lake P-biogeochemical cycle, which is an important nutrient self-regulating process to sustain eutrophic status in lakes. In conclusion, a large amount of ortho-P was released and adsorbed by sediment gradually during cyanobacterial bloom decline period, and these bioavailable P could provide the sufficient nutrient for newborn cyanobacteria and could contribute to the construction of a new internal P cycle among sediment, water, and cyanobacterial bloom. |
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| Gouvernement du Québec – ministère de l’Environnement | 2017 | FR | Protocole d’échantillonnage de la qualité de l’eau |
https://www.environnement
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Protocole élaboré dans le cadre du Réseau de surveillance volontaire des lacs (RSVL) | |
| OBV Yamaska | 2017 | FR | Plan directeur de l’eau |
untitled (obv-yamaska.qc.ca) |
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| Martin Søndergaard, Rikke Bjerring, Erik Jeppesen | 2013 | EN | Persistent internal phosphorus loading during summer in shallow eutrophic lakes |
Persistent internal phosphorus loading during summer in shallow eutrophic lakes | Hydrobiologia (springer.com) |
We used 21 years of monthly mass balance and lake water data from six shallow (mean depth = 1.2–2.7 m) and fast flushed (mean hydraulic retention time = 0.6–2.6 months) eutrophic Danish lakes (mean summer P concentrations ranging from 0.09 to 0.61 mg/l) to investigate long-term trends in yearly and seasonal patterns of P retention. To one of the lakes, the external P input was reduced by 70% in the early 1990s, whereas none of the other lakes have experienced major changes in external P loading for more than 20 years. All lakes showed a distinct seasonal pattern with high P concentrations and typically negative P retention during summer (up to -300% of the external loading from May to August). During winter, P retention was overall positive (up to 50% of the external loading from December to April). Internal P loading from the sediment delayed lake recovery by approximately 10 years in the lake with the most recently reduced external loading, but in all the lakes net release of P from the sediment occurred during summer. | |
| DIRECTION DU SUIVI DE L’ÉTAT DE L’ENVIRONNEMENT (DSEE) Service de l’information sur les milieux aquatiques (SIMAQ) Service des avis et des expertises (SAVEX) DIRECTION DES POLITIQUES DU SECTEUR MUNICIPAL Service de l’aménagement et de la gestion de l’eau (SAGE) DIRECTION RÉGIONALE DE L’ESTRIE |
2003 | FR | Avis concernant l’aération ou la circulation artificielle de l’eau des lacs comme mesures de restauration de la qualité de l’eau |
https://www.environnement
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EFFETS THÉORIQUES DE LA CIRCULATION ARTIFICIELLE : – accroissement de la concentration d’oxygène dissous – peut en théorie mener à une diminution de la biomasse phytoplanctonique – la charge interne de phosphore d’un lac peut en théorie être réduite par la circulation artificielle de l’eau dans les cas où le relargage du phosphore par les sédiments constitue le mécanisme principal d’enrichissement des eaux. La présence d’oxygène à l’interface eau-sédiment, pour les lacs dont la solubilité du phosphore est contrôlée par le fer, entraîne l’adsorption du phosphore en solution par les complexes hydroxy-ferriques et empêche ainsi le transfert du phosphore des sédiments vers la couche surjacente. Dans certains lacs, cependant, le fer ne contrôle pas le phosphore. Ainsi, lorsque le rapport fer/phosphore est trop bas ou lorsque le calcium contrôle la solubilité du phosphore (cas des lacs aux eaux dures), il arrive que le taux de relargage du phosphore soit davantage lié à la décomposition aérobie de la matière organique. Dans de tels cas, l’accroissement de la température de l’eau à l’interface eau-sédiment, causé par la circulation artificielle de l’eau, pourrait même augmenter la charge interne de phosphore. Le relargage du phosphore à partir des sédiments est particulièrement important dans les lacs eutrophes peu profonds et non stratifiés où l’interface eau-sédiment est habituellement bien oxygénée. Par conséquent, dans de telles conditions, on ne peut s’attendre à ce que le relargage du phosphore soit réduit par la circulation artificielle de l’eau. – peut entraîner un changement de dominance qui favorise les diatomées ou les algues vertes – Les quatre indicateurs qui ont affiché de façon soutenue une amélioration à la suite de la circulation artificielle de l’eau sont l’oxygène dissous, l’azote ammoniacal, le pH de l’épilimnion et les métaux traces comme le fer et le manganèse. L’augmentation de l’oxygène dissous et la diminution des métaux traces ont été observées dans un pourcentage élevé de cas étudiés, tandis que les changements favorables impliquant l’azote ammoniacal et le pH étaient moins fréquents. La diminution du phytoplancton à la suite du brassage artificiel de l’eau a été observée dans moins de 50 % des cas examinés. Une diminution des algues bleues a toutefois été notée dans la majorité des cas. De plus, le rapport entre la quantité d’algues vertes et d’algues bleues a aussi augmenté de façon proportionnelle. Cela donne donc une forte indication que le phytoplancton peut être réduit par l’augmentation de la circulation de l’eau, tout particulièrement les algues bleues, dans les lacs où la lumière peut devenir un facteur limitant et où l’aération est suffisante pour empêcher la formation d’une microstratification. Les lacs ayant une profondeur moyenne de seulement trois mètres ne sont habituellement pas suffisamment profonds pour que le brassage de la colonne d’eau puisse induire une limitation de la productivité planctonique par la lumière. – Parmi les nombreuses méthodes mentionnées dans la documentation scientifique pour le contrôle des macrophytes, on ne fait nullement mention de la circulation forcée de l’eau. EFFETS INDÉSIRABLES DE LA CIRCULATION DE L’EAU : – si la productivité de l’épilimnion est limitée par les éléments nutritifs, la circulation risque d’accroître le phosphore particulaire ou dissous dans la couche photique. La transparence de l’eau pourrait en retour être diminuée par l’augmentation des matières en suspension (limon et algues microscopiques). La prolifération des algues et la photosynthèse accrue pourraient diminuer le CO2 de l’épilimnion et augmenter le pH de l’eau, ce qui aurait pour effet de prévenir le remplacement des algues bleues par les algues vertes. La dominance des algues bleues résultant de leur productivité accrue et des changements chimiques concomitants réduirait les pertes d’algues par le broutage du zooplancton, ce qui favoriserait davantage les algues bleues.En réduisant la sédimentation des algues, la circulation artificielle favoriserait leur croissance. En revanche, puisque les algues les plus avantagées par ce procédé seraient les algues vertes et les diatomées, cette augmentation de la biomasse algale serait perçue comme moins néfaste que l’augmentation des algues bleues. En bref, les équipements servant à la circulation et à l’aération artificielle de l’eau des lacs qui impliquent un brassage et une déstratification de la colonne d’eau ne sauraient être recommandés dans les cas suivants : • pour oxygéner les lacs eutrophes peu profonds (profondeur moyenne de moins de 3 mètres) et non stratifiés; • pour contrer l’envahissement du lit des lacs par les macrophytes; • pour empêcher le relargage du phosphore par les sédiments : – dans les cas où le recyclage interne du phosphore provenant de la couche anoxique du lac ne constitue pas la source principale de cet élément; – dans les cas où le relargage du phosphore n’est pas contrôlé par les complexes hydroxy-ferriques (lacs aux eaux dures et lacs acides); – dans les cas où le relargage du phosphore est lié à la décomposition aérobie de la matière organique ou associé à des sédiments floculeux constitués d’une forte proportion d’eau et de matière organique. |
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| Martin W. Marsden | 1989 | EN | Lake restoration by reducing external phosphorus loading: the influence of sediment phosphorus release |
Freshwater Biology is a freshwater ecology journal publishing innovative papers on the aquatic biology of freshwater environments. (wiley.com) |
This review considers the factors which determine the recovery of eutrophic lakes following a reduction in the external phosphorus loading. The mean phosphorus content of a lake should decrease roughly in proportion to the reduction in phosphorus input. Where the lake phosphorus concentration does not decrease as predicted, then the release of phosphorus from the sediment is implicated. Improvements in the condition of highly eutrophic lakes require very large reductions in external phosphorus loading, whereas in mildly enriched lakes moderate changes in the supply of phosphorus have noticeable effects on phytoplankton biomass. |
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| Peter Cullent & Curt Forsberg | 1988 | EN | Experiences with reducing point sources of phosphorus to lakes |
Experiences with reducing point sources of phosphorus to lakes | Hydrobiologia (springer.com) |
Experiences over the last 25 years have demonstrated that eutrophication can be reversed, and that phosphorus is most often the nutrient through which control should be exerted. The reduction of the external load of phosphorus to a eutrophic lake is a necessary condition for lake restoration, but may not in itself be sufficient. Three main response patterns to a reduction in external load are identified. These include reduction in lake phosphorus that leads to sufficient reduction in chlorophyll to change the trophic category, to make the lakes ‘less eutrophic’ or have small or no effect. The factors that determine the actual response are discussed. |
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| Gouvernement du Québec | s. d. | FR | Répertoire d’information sur l’eau |
https://www.
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